会話フレーズの用語と解説（1/4）

そのまま使える会話表現。183 語のうち 1〜50 語目です。答えを隠して、問いから答えを思い出してから読むと、覚えやすくなります。

Can I borrow a pen?can i borrow a pen

問いYou are in class and you want to write something, but you have nothing to write with. What do you ask your friend?

ペンを借りてもいい？【解説】Can I borrow ～? で「～を借りてもいい？」と頼めます。Here's a pen. は相手にペンを渡すときの言葉です。

Can I help you?can i help you

問いYour friend is carrying a lot of heavy boxes up the stairs and looks very tired. What do you say?

手伝おうか？【解説】Can I help you? は手伝いを申し出る言葉です。主語を入れ替えた Can you help me? は、自分が助けを頼むときに使います。

Come and join us!come and join us

問いAt the school festival, a new student is standing alone, and your group of friends has an empty seat. What do you say?

こっちにおいでよ！【解説】Come and join us! は仲間に加わるよう誘う言葉です。Can I sit here? は自分が座りたいときに使います。

Pardon?pardon

問いYour teacher says something very fast in English, and you did not catch the last word. What do you say?

もう一度お願いします。【解説】Pardon? は聞き取れなかったときの聞き返しです。I know. は「知っています」という意味になります。

Where's the station?wheres the station|where is the station

問いYou are lost in a new town and your train leaves in ten minutes. You stop a woman on the street. What do you ask?

駅はどこですか？【解説】Where's ～? で場所をたずねます。What time is it? は時刻を聞く言葉です。

May I come in?may i come in

問いYou need to talk to Mr. Brown about your homework, so you knock on the door of the teachers' room. What do you say?

入ってもいいですか？【解説】May I come in? は入室の許可を求める言葉です。Come in. は部屋の中にいる人が言う側の言葉です。

Want a drink?want a drink

問いYour friend visits your house after a long walk on a hot day, and you have cold juice in the fridge. What do you say?

何か飲む？【解説】Want a drink? は飲み物をすすめる言葉です。Can I have a drink? は自分が飲み物をほしいときに使います。

Let's play soccer!lets play soccer

問いIt is a sunny Saturday, you have a new ball, and your friend has nothing to do today. What do you say?

サッカーしようよ！【解説】Let's ～! で「～しよう」と誘えます。I played soccer. は過去形で、終わったことを話す文です。

Wait for me!wait for me

問いYour friends are leaving for the bus stop, but you still need to put on your shoes. What do you say?

待って！【解説】Wait for me! は「待って」と頼む言葉です。Hurry up! は逆に相手を急がせるときに使います。

Can you help me?can you help me

問いThis math problem is too hard for you, and your big brother is very good at math. What do you ask him?

手伝ってくれる？【解説】Can you help me? は相手に助けを頼む言葉です。Can I help you? は自分が手伝いを申し出るときに使います。

Once more, please.once more, please.

問いYou didn't hear your friend's question.

もう一回お願い。【解説】Once more, please. で「もう一回お願いします」と頼めます。No, thanks. は申し出を断る言葉です。

Let me help you.let me help you.

問いA classmate drops all her books.

手伝うよ。【解説】Let me help you. は「手伝います」と申し出る言葉です。Help me. は自分が助けを頼むときに使います。

Can I sit here?can i sit here

問いYou want to use an empty chair next to someone.

ここに座ってもいい？【解説】Can I sit here? は座ってよいか許可を求める言葉です。Please sit down. は相手に着席をすすめるときに使います。

Can you come?can you come

問いYou want your friend at your birthday party on Sunday.

来られる？【解説】Can you come? は相手を誘う言葉です。Can I come? は自分が行ってよいかをたずねる言い方になります。

Where's the library?wheres the library|where is the library

問いYou want to find a place to borrow books.

図書館はどこ？【解説】本を借りる場所は library（図書館）です。bank は銀行です。

I'll carry it.ill carry it.|i will carry it

問いYour friend has a very heavy bag.

持ってあげるよ。【解説】I'll carry it. は「私が持ちます」と申し出る言葉です。Carry it, please. は相手に持ってくれるよう頼む言い方です。

Could I call home?could i call home

問いYou are at a friend's house, it is getting dark, and your parents do not know where you are. What do you ask?

家に電話してもいい？【解説】Could I ～? はていねいに許可を求める言い方です。I'm home! は帰宅したときのあいさつです。

Is there a restroom?is there a restroom

問いIn a big store, after drinking a whole bottle of tea, you suddenly really need to go. What do you ask a clerk?

お手洗いはありますか？【解説】restroom は店や施設のお手洗いを指します。Is there a café? はカフェを探す言葉で、お手洗いに行きたい場面には合いません。

Do you want to come?do you want to come

問いThere is a new cartoon movie at the theater this weekend, and you do not want to go alone. What do you ask your friend?

一緒に来ない？【解説】Do you want to come? で相手を誘えます。Can I come too? は相手の予定に自分が加わりたいときに使います。

More slowly, please.more slowly, please.

問いA tourist is asking you something in English, but she talks so fast that you understand only a few words. What do you say?

もっとゆっくりお願いします。【解説】More slowly, please. で話す速さを落としてもらえます。Speak up は「もっと大きな声で」と頼む言い方です。

Please take my seat.please take my seat.

問いOn a crowded train, a very old man gets on, and nobody offers him a place. You are sitting. What do you say?

どうぞ、座ってください。【解説】Please take my seat. で席をゆずれます。Is this seat free? はその席が空いているかをたずねる言葉です。

Can I see that one?can i see that one

問いIn a shop, you want a closer look at a bag.

あれを見せてもらえますか？【解説】Can I see that one? で品物を見せてほしいと頼めます。I'll take it. は買うと決めたときの言葉です。

Just a minute.just a minute.

問いYou aren't ready yet, and your friend is at the door.

ちょっと待って。【解説】Just a minute. は「少し待ってください」と頼む言葉です。Take your time. は「ゆっくりでいいですよ」と相手に言う言葉です。

Can I borrow one?can i borrow one

問いIt's raining, and your friend has two umbrellas.

1本借りてもいい？【解説】Can I borrow one? で「1本借りてもいい？」と頼めます。Here, take one. は相手に渡す側の言葉です。

How do you spell it?how do you spell it

問いA new classmate from Canada tells you her name, and you want to write it on the card correctly. What do you ask?

どうつづるの？【解説】spell はつづりを聞くときに使います。How do you say it? は発音や言い方をたずねる言葉です。

Can I get more time?can i get more time

問いYour teacher wants your report today, but you have not finished the last page yet. What do you ask?

もう少し時間をもらえますか？【解説】Can I get more time? で期限をのばしてもらえるよう頼めます。Here's my report. は提出するときの言葉です。

Want to share mine?want to share mine

問いAfter school it suddenly starts to rain, and your classmate has no umbrella, but yours is big. What do you say?

一緒に入る？【解説】Want to share mine? で「（私の傘に）一緒に入る？」と誘えます。borrow yours は相手の物を借りる側の言い方です。

Is it this way?is it this way

問いYou are walking to the museum, but after twenty minutes you are not sure you are heading toward it. What do you ask?

こっちで合ってますか？【解説】Is it this way? で道が合っているかを確かめられます。How was ～? は行った後の感想を聞く言葉です。

Let's take a break.lets take a break.

問いYou and your friend have been studying at the library for three hours, and you both look tired. What do you say?

休憩しよう。【解説】take a break で「ひと休みする」という意味です。break up は恋人と別れることを表します。

Give me a call.give me a call.

問いYou want your friend to phone you after dinner.

電話してね。【解説】Give me a call. は「電話してね」という意味です。Give me a hand. は「手を貸して」と頼む言葉です。

Could you pass it?could you pass it

問いThe salt is at the other end of the table.

取ってもらえますか？【解説】pass は「手渡す」という意味で、食卓で物を取ってもらうときに使います。Can I pass? は「通ってもいいですか」という意味になります。

What time is it?what time is it

問いYour watch stopped, and you need to know the hour.

今何時ですか？【解説】What time is it? で時刻をたずねます。Do you have time? は「時間ありますか（ひまですか）」という意味です。

Can I ask a favor?can i ask a favor|can i ask a favour

問いYour coworker is great at English, and you want her to check your email before you send it. What do you say first?

お願いがあるんだけど。【解説】Can I ask a favor? は頼みごとをする前の前置きです。Can I help you? は手伝いを申し出る言葉です。

Could you speak up?could you speak up

問いYou are talking on the phone at a busy station, and you can hardly hear your friend's quiet voice. What do you say?

もう少し大きな声で話して。【解説】speak up は「大きな声で話す」という意味です。slow down はゆっくり話してもらうときに使います。

Let me get the door.let me get the door.

問いA woman is walking toward the shop entrance with a baby in one arm and heavy bags in the other. What do you say?

ドアを開けますね。【解説】get the door で「ドアを開けてあげる」という意味になります。Could you open it? だと相手に開けてくれるよう頼む言い方です。

How about Saturday?how about saturday

問いYou want to meet your friend this weekend, and you are only free on the day before Sunday. What do you say?

土曜日はどう？【解説】How about ～? で予定を提案できます。How was ～? は終わったことの感想を聞く言葉です。

Mind if I sit here?mind if i sit here

問いAt a busy café, there is an empty chair at a table where a man is reading alone. What do you ask him?

ここ座ってもいいですか？【解説】Mind if I ～? で「～してもかまいませんか」と許可を求めます。Can you sit here? は相手を座らせる言い方です。

What was your name?what was your name

問いSomeone told you her name, but you didn't catch it.

お名前、何でしたっけ？【解説】What was your name? で名前を聞き直せます（過去形で「一度聞いたのに」の含み）。What a nice name! はほめ言葉です。

Need some help?need some help

問いA tourist is looking at a map with a worried face.

お手伝いしましょうか？【解説】Need some help? で手伝いを申し出ます。Get lost! は「あっちへ行け」という失礼な言葉です。

Hold on, please.hold on, please.

問いOn the phone, you need a moment to find a pen.

少々お待ちください。【解説】Hold on. は電話で「少々お待ちください」と頼む言葉です。hang up は電話を切ることを表します。

Would you mind?would you mind

問いAt the beach, you hand your camera to a stranger and point at your family, hoping she will take a picture. What do you say?

お願いできますか？【解説】Would you mind? は物を差し出しながら頼むときに使えます。Never mind. は「気にしないで」という意味です。

How do I get there?how do i get there

問いA man says the post office is next to the park, but you have no idea where the park is. What do you ask him?

そこへはどう行けばいいですか？【解説】How do I get there? で行き方をたずねます。Are we there yet? は「まだ着かないの？」という意味です。

Turn it down a bit?turn it down a bit

問いYour roommate is playing music loudly late at night, and you have an important test early tomorrow morning. What do you ask?

音、少し下げてくれる？【解説】turn it down で音量を下げてもらえます。turn it up は逆に音量を上げることです。

Need a ride?need a ride

問いYour coworker's car broke down, and she lives near you, so you can easily drive her home tonight. What do you say?

乗っていく？【解説】Need a ride? で車に乗せようと申し出ます。Can I get a ride? は自分が乗せてもらうときに使います。

Any plans tonight?any plans tonight

問いYou have two tickets for a jazz concert this evening, and you want to go with your coworker. What do you ask first?

今夜、予定ある？【解説】Any plans tonight? で予定を聞いて誘うきっかけにできます。Any tickets left? は売り場で残りの券をたずねる言葉です。

After you.after you.

問いYou and a stranger reach a door at the same time.

お先にどうぞ。【解説】After you. で「お先にどうぞ」と道をゆずれます。Follow me. は「ついて来て」という意味です。

Help yourself.help yourself.

問いYour guests are looking at the cookies on the table.

ご自由にどうぞ。【解説】Help yourself. は「ご自由にお取りください」とすすめる言葉です。Help me out. は助けを頼む言い方です。

Can I get a refill?can i get a refill

問いAt a diner, your coffee cup is empty.

おかわりをもらえますか？【解説】飲み物のおかわりは Can I get a refill? と頼みます。the bill はお会計を頼むときに使う語です。

Can I leave my bags?can i leave my bags

問いYou check out of your hotel at ten, but your flight is not until evening, and your suitcase is heavy. What do you ask?

荷物を預けてもいいですか？【解説】leave my bags で荷物を預けられるかたずねられます。check in は宿泊を始めるときの手続きです。

Going downtown?going downtown

問いA bus has just stopped, but you cannot read the sign, and you need to reach the city center. What do you ask?

ダウンタウンに行きますか？【解説】Going downtown? でバスの行き先を確かめられます。Getting off here? は降りる人にたずねる言葉です。